VULCAN Series PGM Catalyst 

 

Choice of active metal

•          Based on activity and selectivity

•          Palladium is the most versatile PGM, typically used in straight chain hydrogenation and is cost effective

•          Platinum is often used at higher space velocities and to hydrogenate halonitroaromatics

•          Rh and Ru are also widely used

Catalyst deactivation mechanisms

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•          Poisoning – Irreversible adsorption of species onto the catalyst surface

•          Fouling – Active sites masked by polymeric materials [“coking”]

•         Sintering* – Crystallite growth of the catalytic metal

•          Physical loss of metal – Either metal volatilization or migration to the carrier

                

* Hüttig temperature of platinum group metals

Metal	Pd	Pt	Rh	Ru
Hüttig temp, deg. C	275	340	398	484

 

Design variables

•         GHSV

•          Contact time

•          Dp

•          Shape

•          Temperature

•         Water concentration

•          % conversion requirements

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